
1. Which of the following was a characteristic of “cool jazz”?
- florid and jagged phrasing
- simple harmonies and spare arrangements
- a two-beat feel
- little or no vibrato
2. A jazz innovator who made seminal bebop, cool jazz, hard bop, and modal jazz recordings was:
- Miles Davis
- Bill Evans
- Bix Beiderbecke
- Duke Ellington
3. Beat writers and poets:
- were traditionalists, embracing accepted forms of prose and poetry
- joined State Department tours during the Cold War
- attempted to use the rhythms of bebop in their work
- created hard bop and cool jazz
4. Which of the following was not a characteristic of bebop?
- a two-beat feel
- bass drum “bombs”
- jagged and uneven melodies
- extended harmonies with complex chords
5. “Fables of Faubus” by Charles Mingus was inspired by:
- the Montgomery, Alabama, bus boycott
- the1963 March on Washington
- the struggle to integrate the Little Rock, Arkansas, schools
- all of the above
6. Hard bop music:
- is easily defined and describes one specific style of music
- was performed primarily by white musicians on the West Coast
- was performed primarily by singers and balladeers
- included performances by brilliant instrumental stylists and innovative and aggressive drummers, as well as blues- and gospel-infused reworkings of bebop
7. Which of the following was not a reason that bebop innovation was centered in Harlem?
- black musicians were attracted to Harlem’s vibrant artistic scene
- top black musicians from the South and Southwest came to New York and found work on 52nd Street
- late-night jam sessions in Harlem provided an opportunity for experimentation
- there were many new political and social opportunities for blacks immediately following World War II
8. The State Department sponsored tours by great jazz musicians because:
- they wanted to sell more jazz records in other countries
- the recording strike left the musicians without other work
- they wanted jazz to be more popular than rhythm and blues and rock and roll
- they thought it would help improve America’s image abroad during the Cold War
9. Bebop innovators include:
- Ray Charles and Mahalia Jackson
- Benny Goodman and Louis Armstrong
- Dizzy Gillespie and Charlie Parker
- Cannonball Adderley and Duke Ellington
10. Modal jazz:
- was the centerpiece of the State Department tours
- was played by many hard bop musicians except for Miles Davis
- emphasized scales rather than long chord sequences
- marked a return to New Orleans-style jazz