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4 From the New Frontier to the New Millennium

RECOMMENDED MUSIC

John Coltrane—A Love Supreme, Impulse Records GRD 155, 1964.

Ornette Coleman—The Shape of Jazz to Come,

Atlantic Records 1317, 1959.

Wynton Marsalis—Marciac Suite, Columbia 69877, 2000.

Betty Carter—The Audience with Betty Carter,

Verve 835684-2/Universal Music Group, 1979.

Wayne Shorter—The Best of Wayne Shorter,

Blue Note Records CDP 791143 2, 1953-59.

FURTHER READING

Free Jazz, by Ekkehard Jost (New York: Da Capo Press, 1994).

Ornette Coleman: The Harmolodic Life, by John Litweiler

(New York: Da Capo Press, 1994).

What Is This Thing Called Jazz?: African American Musicians

as Artists, Critics, and Activists, by Eric Porter

(Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002).

John Coltrane: His Life and Music, by Lewis Porter

(Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1999).

To a Young Jazz Musician: Letters from the Road, by Wynton

Marsalis and Selwyn Seyfu Hinds (New York: Random House, 2004).

Four Jazz Lives, by A.B. Spellman

(Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2004).

RECOMMENDED VIDEOS

Coltrane Legacy, The Video Artists International, 1989.

Marsalis on Music, Sony Wonder, 1995.

ONLINE RESOURCES

Library of Congress: African American Odyssey, The Civil Rights Movement, Part 2

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aaohtml/exhibit/aopart9b.html

NPR: “Birmingham Church Bombing Trial”

www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1122305

Jazz Profiles from NPR: “John Coltrane: Giant Steps and Beyond”

www.npr.org/programs/jazzprofiles/archive/coltrane_2.html

Jazz at Lincoln Center Radio: “The Music of Ornette Coleman”

www.jazzatlincolncenter.org/jazzcast/program.asp?programNumber=121

NPR, All Things Considered: “Fusion”

www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1074538

An initiative of the National Endowment for the ArtsProduced by Jazz at Lincoln CenterSupported by the Verizon Foundation